Stael: Life and Works

• Germaine de Staël

PRIMARY SOURCES

Complete Works

• Madame de Staël. Oeuvres complètes de Mme la baronne de Staël publiées par son fils. Paris: Treuttel et Würtz, 1821.

Major Publications of Madame de Staël (in French)

• Considérations sur la Révolution française. Edited by J. Godechot. Paris: Tallandier, 1983.
• Corinne ou l’Italie. Edited by S. Balayé. Paris: Gallimard, 1807, 1985.
• De la littérature. Edited by G. Gengembre and J. Goldzink. Paris: Flammarion, 1991.
• De l’Allemagne. Critical edition by S. Balayé. 5 vols. Paris: Hachette, 1958–1960.
• Delphine. Edited by B. Didier. 2 vols. Paris: Flammarion, 2000.
• Des Circonstances actuelles qui peuvent terminer la Révolution et des principes qui doivent fonder la république en France. Critical edition edited by L. Omacini. Paris and Geneva: Droz, 1979.
• Dix années d’exil. Critical edition edited by S. Balayé and M. Bonifacio. Paris: Fayard, 1996. English edition: Ten Years of Exile. Translated by Avriel H. Goldberger. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2000. A previous English translation by Doris Beik was published under the same title by Saturday Review in 1972.
• For a representative selection from Madame de Staël’s rich correspondence, see Georges Solovieff, ed., Madame de Staël, ses amis, ses correspondants. Choix de lettres (1778–1817). Paris: Klincksieck, 1970. Madame de Staël’s correspondence with Dupont de Nemours was edited and translated into English by James F. Marshall as De Staël–Dupont Letters. Correspondence of Madame de Staël and Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours and of Other Members of the Necker and du Pont Families. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1968.

Sources of Information on Madame de Staël

• Cahiers Staëliens. Vols. 1–54. Published by the Société des études staëliennes (founded in 1929 at Coppet; http://www.stael.org/) and Éditions Honoré Champion, this series is an essential source of information on Staël’s life and works. Over the years the society has sponsored many colloquia whose proceedings have been published as separate volumes of Cahiers Staëliens. The society’s Web site contains many valuable bibliographical references (more than 6,000 entries) that are essential to any student of Staël’s works and life.
• For an overview of the Coppet group, see Coppet, creuset de l’esprit libéral: les idées politiques et constitutionnelles du group de Madame de Staël, Coppet colloquium, May 15–16, 1998, edited by Lucien Jaume (Aix-en-Provence and Paris: Presses Universitaires d’Aix-Marseille et Economica, 2000).

Useful Web Sites on the French Revolution and Napoléon

• http://userweb.port.ac.uk/˜andressd/frlinks.htm
• http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/
• http://www.napoleon.org/en/home.asp

MAJOR SECONDARY WORKS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES

• Bailleul, Jacques-Charles. Examen critique de l’ouvrage posthume de Mme. la Bnne. de Staël, ayant pour titre: Considérations sur les principaux événemens de la Révolution française. 2 vols. Paris: Ant. Bailleul, 1818.
• Balayé, Simone. Les Carnets de voyage de Madame de Staël. Geneva: Droz, 1971.
• ——. Madame de Staël: Lumières et Liberté. Paris: Klincksieck, 1979.
• Berger, Morroe, trans. and ed. Politics, Literature, and National Character, by Germaine de Staël. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction, 2000.
• Bonald, Louis de. Observations sur l’ouvrage de Madame la baronne de Staël: considérations sur les principaux événemens de la révolution française. Paris: A. Le Clere, 1818. A new French edition was published under the title La vraie Révolution: réponse à Madame de Staël, edited by Michel Toda. Etampes: Clovis, 1997.
• Bredin, Jean-Denis. Une singulière famille: Jacques Necker, Suzanne Necker et Germaine de Staël. Paris: Fayard, 1999.
• Diesbach, Ghislain de. Madame de Staël. Paris: Perrin, 1983.
• ——. Necker ou la faillite de la vertu. Paris: Perrin, 1978.
• Fairweather, Maria. Madame de Staël. London: Constable, 2005.
• Folkenflick, Vivian, ed. and trans. An Extraordinary Woman: Selected Writings of Germaine de Staël. New York: Columbia University Press, 1987.
• Guillemin, H. Madame de Staël, Benjamin Constant et Napoléon. Paris: Plon, 1959.
• Gutwirth, Madelyn, Avriel Goldberger, and Karyna Szmurlo, eds. Germaine de Staël: Crossing the Borders. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1991.
• Gwynne, Griffith E. Madame de Staël et la Révolution française. 2nd ed. Paris: Nizet, 2005.
• Haussonville, Comte de. Madame de Staël et Necker d’après leur correspondance inédite. Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1925.
• Hawkins, Richmond Laurin. Madame de Staël and the United States. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930.
• Herrold, Christopher. Mistress to an Age: A Life of Madame de Staël. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1958.

Fundamental Texts

• Baker, Keith M., ed. The Old Regime and the French Revolution. Vol. 7 of University of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
• Duguit, L., H. Monnier, and R. Bonnard, eds. Les Constitutions et les principales lois politiques de la France depuis 1789. Paris: Librairie Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1952.
• Hampsher-Monk, Iain, ed. The Impact of the French Revolution: Texts from Britain in the 1790s. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
• Stewart, John Hall, ed. A Documentary Survey of the French Revolution. New York: Macmillan, 1951.

General Background

• Acton (Lord). [John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton.] Lectures on the French Revolution. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2000.
• Alexander, Robert. Bonapartism and Revolutionary Tradition in France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
• Alexander, Robert. Rewriting the French Revolutionary Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
• Andress, David. The Terror: The Merciless War for Freedom in Revolutionary France. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006.
• Avenel, Henri. Histoire de la presse française depuis 1789 jusqu’à à nos jours. Paris: Flammarion, 1900.
• Baker, Keith. Condorcet: From Natural Philosophy to Social Mathematics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
• ——. Inventing the French Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
• Baker, Keith, ed. The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture. Vol. 1: The Political Culture of the Old Regime. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987.
• Baldensperger, Fernand. Le mouvement des idées dans l’émigration française, 1789–1815. Paris, 1924.
• Barnave, Antoine. Power, Property, and History: Barnave’s Introduction to the French Revolution and Other Writings. Translated and edited by Emanuel Chill. New York: Harper, 1971.
• Beck, Thomas D. French Legislators, 1800–1834: A Study in Quantitative History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.
• Beik, Paul H., ed. The French Revolution. New York: Harper and Row, 1970.
• Belanger, Claude, et al. Histoire générale de la presse française. Vol. 1. Paris: PUF, 1967.
• Bénétruy, J. L’atelier de Mirabeau: Quatre proscrits Genevois dans la tourmente révolutionnaire. Geneva: Société d’Histoire et d’Archéologie, 1962.
• Bergeron, Louis. France Under Napoleon. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981.
• Bertier de Sauvigny, Guillaume de. The Bourbon Restoration. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1966.
• Blythe, James M. Ideal Government and the Mixed Constitution in the Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.
• Brewer, John. The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
• Brix, Michel. “Les Considérations sur la Révolution française et la philosophie de l’histoire.” In Annales Benjamin Constant. 31–32. Le groupe de Coppet et l’histoire. Actes du VIIIe colloque de Coppet (Chateau de Coppet, 5–8 juillet 2006). Lausanne & Genève: Institut Benjamin Constant & Éditions Slatkine, 2007, 203–14.
• Brock, Michael. The Great Reform Act. London: Hutchinson University Library, 1973.
• Burke, Edmund. Further Reflections on the Revolution in France. Edited by Daniel E. Ritchie. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1992.
• ——. Select Works of Edmund Burke. Vol. 2: Reflections on the Revolution in France. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1999.
• ——. Select Works of Edmund Burke. Vol. 3: Letters on a Regicide Peace. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1999.
• Carré de Malberg, Raymond. Contribution à la théorie générale de l’État. 2 vols. Paris: Éditions du CNRS, 1962.
• Chaussinand-Nogaret, Guy, ed. Mirabeau entre le roi et la Révolution: Notes à la cour suivies de Discours. Paris: Hachette, 1986.
• Chinard, Gilbert. “La correspondance de Madame de Staël avec Jefferson.” Revue de littérature comparée 2 (1922).
• Constant, Benjamin. Commentaire sur l’ouvrage de Filangeri. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2004.
• ——. De la liberté chez les modernes. Edited by Marcel Gauchet. Paris: Hachette, 1980.
• ——. “De Madame de Staël et de ses ouvrages.” In Oeuvres. Edited by Alfred Roulin. Paris: Gallimard, Bibliothèque de la Pléiade, 1957, 825–52.
• ——. Fragments d’un ouvrage abandonné sur la possibilité d’une constitution republicaine dans un grand pays. Edited by H. Grange. Paris: Aubier, 1991.
• ——. Political Writings. Edited and translated by Biancamaria Fontana. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
• Cooper, Duff. Talleyrand. New York: Harpers, 1932.
• Craiutu, Aurelian. Liberalism Under Siege: The Political Thought of the French Doctrinaires. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, Rowman and Littlefield, 2003.
• Craveri, Benedetta. The Age of Conversation. New York: New York Review Books, 2006.
• Daudet, Ernest. Histoire de l’émigration pendant la Révolution française. 3 vols. Paris, 1904–7.
• Doyle, William. Origins of the French Revolution. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
• ——. The Oxford History of the French Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
• Echeverria, Durand. “The Pre-revolutionary Influence of Rousseau’s Contrat Social.” Journal of the History of Ideas (1972): 551–52.
• Egret, Jean. The French Prerevolution, 1787–1788. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977.
• ——. Necker, ministre de Louis XVI. Paris: Champion, 1975.
• Ellis, Harold A. Boulainvilliers and the French Monarchy: Aristocratic Politics in Early Eighteenth-Century France. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988.
• Fontana, Biancamaria. Rethinking the Politics of Commercial Society: The Edinburgh Review, 1802–1832. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
• Forsyth, Murray. Reason and Revolution: The Political Thought of the Abbé Sieyès. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1987.
• Freeden, Michael. Ideology: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
• Furet, François. Interpreting the French Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
• ——. Revolutionary France: 1770–1880. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.
• Furet, François, and Mona Ozouf, eds. A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
• Furet, François, and Ran Halévi, eds. Orateurs de la Révolution française. Vol. 1: Les Constituants. Paris: Gallimard, Bibliothèque de la Pléiade, 1989.
• Gauchet, Marcel. La Révolution des droits de l’homme. Paris: Gallimard, 1989.
• ——. “Staël.” In A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution, edited by François Furet and Mona Ozouf. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
• Gautier, Paul. Madame de Staël et Napoléon. Paris: Plon, 1902.
• Gengembre, Gérard, and Jean Goldzinck. “Causalités historiques et écriture de l’histoire dans Considérations sur la Révolution française.” In Annales Benjamin Constant. 31–32. Le groupe de Coppet et l’histoire. Actes du VIIIe colloque de Coppet (Chateau de Coppet, 5–8 juillet 2006). Lausanne & Genève: Institut Benjamin Constant & Éditions Slatkine, 2007, 215–26.
• Godechot, Jacques. La contre-révolution. Paris: PUF, 1961.
• ——. La grande nation: l’expansion révolutionnaire de la France dans le monde de 1789 à 1799. Paris: Aubier Montaigne, 1983.
• ——. Les institutions de la France sous la Révolution et l’empire. 2nd ed. Paris: PUF, 1968.
• Gorce, Pierre de la. La Restauration: Louis XVIII. Paris: Plon, 1926.
• Gottschalk, Louis R., and Margaret Maddox. La Fayette in the French Revolution. Vol. 1: Through the October Days. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969. Vol. 2: From the October Days Through the Federation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973.
• Grange, Henri. Les idées de Necker. Paris: Klincksieck, 1974.
• Greer, Donald. The Incidence of the Emigration During the French Revolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1951.
• ——. The Incidence of the Terror During the French Revolution: A Statistical Interpretation. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1935.
• Griffith, Robert. Le Centre perdu: Malouet et les “monarchiens” dans la Révolution française. Grenoble: Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 1988.
• Gross, Jean-Pierre. “La Constitution de l’an III: Boissy d’Anglas et la naissance du libéralisme constitutionnel.” Annales historiques de la Révolution française, no. 323. http://ahrf.revues.org/document1028.html.
• ——. Saint-Just: sa politique et ses missions. Paris: Bibliothèque nationale, 1976.
• Guéniffey, Patrice. Le nombre et la raison. La Révolution française et les élections. Paris: Éditions de l’École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, 1993.
• Guizot, François. L’amour dans le mariage. Étude historique. Paris: Hachette, 1855.
• ——. Histoire de la civilisation en Europe suivie de Philosophie politique: de la souveraineté. Edited by Pierre Rosanvallon. Paris: Hachette, 1985.
• ——. Histoire de la civilisation en France depuis la chute de l’Empire Romain. Paris: Didier, 1859.
• ——. Histoire de la Révolution d’Angleterre depuis Charles I à Charles II. 2 vols., 1826–27. English translation, 2 vols., Oxford, 1838.
• ——. The History of Civilisation in Europe. Edited by Larry Siedentop and translated by William Hazlitt. London: Penguin, 1997.
• ——. History of the Origins of Representative Government in Europe. Edited by Aurelian Craiutu. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2002.
• ——. Memoirs to Illustrate the History of My Time. Vol. I. Translated by J. W. Cole. London: R. Bentley, 1858.
• Hamilton, Jill. Marengo: The Myth of Napoleon’s Horse. London: Fourth Estate, 2000.
• Hatin, Eugène. Histoire politique et littéraire de la presse en France. Paris: Poulet-Malassis et de Broise, 1861.
• Haydon, Colin, and William Doyle, eds. Robespierre. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
• Hesse, Carla. The Other Enlightenment. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001.
• Hoffman, Ronald, and Peter J. Albert, eds. The Bill of Rights: Government Proscribed. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1997.
• Hume, David. The History of England. 6 vols. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1983.
• Hurt, John J. Louis XIV and the Parlements: The Assertion of Royal Authority. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002.
• Jainchill, Andrew. “The Constitution of the Year III and the Persistence of Classical Republicanism.” French Historical Studies 26, no. 3 (2003): 399–435.
• Jaume, Lucien. “Coppet, creuset du libéralisme comme ‘culture morale.’” In Coppet, creuset de l’esprit libéral. Paris: Presses Universitaires d’Aux-Marseille, 2000, 225–39.
• Jennings, Jeremy. “Conceptions of England and Its Constitution in Nineteenth-Century French Political Thought.” Historical Journal 29, no. 1 (1986): 65–85.
• Jordan, David. The King’s Trial: Louis XVI vs. the French Revolution. 2nd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.
• Kahan, Alan. The Political Culture of Limited Suffrage. London: Palgrave, 2003.
• Kennedy, Michael L. The Jacobin Clubs in the French Revolution: The First Years. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.
• Kenyon, J. P., ed. Halifax, Complete Works. London: Penguin, 1969.
• Lahmer, Marc. La constitution américaine dans le débat français: 1795–1848. Paris: L’Harmattan, 2001.
• Lefebre, George. The Thermidorians and the Directory: Two Phases of the French Revolution. Translated by Robert Baldick. New York: Random House, 1964.
• Livois, René de. Histoire de la presse française. Vol. 1: Des origins à 1881. Paris: Les Temps de la Presse, 1965.
• Lucas-Dubreton, J. The Restoration and the July Monarchy. New York: Putnam’s, 1929.
• Luttrell, Barbara. Mirabeau. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1990.
• Maistre, Joseph de. Considerations on France. Edited and translated by Richard Lebrun. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
• Malouet, Victor. Mémoires. 2 vols. Paris: Didier, 1868.
• Manent, Pierre. An Intellectual History of Liberalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
• Margerison, Kenneth. “History, Representative Institutions, and Political Rights in the French Pre-revolution (1787–1789).” French Historical Studies 15:1 (1987): 68–97.
• Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws. Translated by Anne Cohler, Basia Miller, and Harold Stone. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
• Mounier, J.-J. Considérations sur les gouvernements. Paris, 1789.
• Mousnier, Roland. Les institutions de la France sous la monarchie absolue, 1598–1789. 2 vols. Paris: PUF, 1974–78.
• Necker, Jacques. Compte rendu. Paris, 1781.
• ——. De la Révolution française. Part I. Republished in Oeuvres complètes de M. Necker, vol. 9. Edited by Auguste de Staël. Paris: Treuttel et Würtz, 1821.
• ——. Dernières vues de politique et de finance (1802). Republished in Oeuvres complètes de M. Necker, vol. 11. Edited by Auguste de Staël. Paris: Treuttel et Würtz, 1821.
• ——. Réflexions présentées à la nation française: sure le proces intente a Louis XVI. Paris: Volland, 1792.
• Oechslin, J.-J. Le mouvement ultra-royaliste sous la Restauration. Paris: Librairie Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1960.
• Ozouf, Mona. “L’opinion publique.” In The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture. Vol. 1: The Political Culture of the Old Regime, Edited by K. Baker. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987.
• ——. Women’s Words: Essay on French Singularity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
• Palmer, R. R. Twelve Who Ruled. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1941. New ed. 1970.
• Pochmann, Henry A. German Culture in America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1957.
• Rémond, René. The Right Wing in France: From 1815 to De Gaulle. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1968.
• Rémusat, Charles. Mémoires de ma vie. Vol. 1. Ed. Charles-H. Pouthas. Paris: Plon, 1958.
• Rials, Stéphane. Révolution et contre-révolution au XIXème siècle. Paris: Albatros, 1987.
• Ridolfi, R. The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli. London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1963.
• Rosanvallon, Pierre. La monarchie impossible. Les Chartes de 1814 et de 1830. Paris: Fayard, 1994.
• Schwoerer, Lois G. “William, Lord Russell: The Making of a Martyr, 1683–1983.” Journal of British Studies 24, no. 1 (January 1985): 41–71.
• Scurr, Ruth. Fatal Purity: Robespierre and the French Revolution. New York: Henry Holt, 2006.
• Sieyès, Emmanuel Joseph. Political Writings. Edited and translated by Michael Sonenscher. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2003.
• Soboul, Albert. Le procès de Louis XVI. Paris: Julliard, 1966.
• Solovieff, Georges, ed. Madame de Staël, ses amis, ses correspondants. Choix de lettres (1778–1817). Paris: Klincksieck, 1970.
• Spillman, George. Napoléon et l’Islam. Paris: Academique Perrin, 1969.
• Taine, Hippolyte. The French Revolution. Translated by John Durand. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2002.
• Takeda, Chinatsu. “Deux origines du courant libéral en France.” In Revue française d’histoire des idées politiques (2003): 18, no. 2, 233–57.
• Ticknor, George. Life, Letters, and Journals of George Ticknor. 2 vols. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1909.
• Tilly, Charles. The Vendée. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1964.
• Tocqueville, Alexis de. The Old Régime and the Revolution. Vol. 1. Translated by Alan S. Kahan. Edited by F. Furet and F. Mélonio. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
• ——. Selected Letters on Politics and Society. Edited by Roger Boesche and translated by Roger Boesche and James Toupin. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
• Tribouillard, Stéphanie. “Les Considérations sur la Révolution française et l’historiographie libérale de la Révolution du premier XIXe siécle.” In Annales Benjamin Constant. 31–32. Le groupe de Coppet et l’histoire. Actes du VIIIe colloque de Coppet (Chateau de Coppet, 5–8 juillet 2006). Lausanne & Genève: Institut Benjamin Constant & Éditions Slatkine, 2007, 227–48.
• Valensise, Marina. “The French Constitution in Pre-revolutionary Debate.” Journal of Modern History 60 (suppl.) (1988): 22–57.
• Van Kley, Dale. “New Wine in Old Wineskins: Continuity and Rupture in the Pamphlet Debate of the French Prerevolution, 1787–1789.” French Historical Studies 17, no. 2 (1991): 447–65.
• Vaulabelle, Achille de. Histoire des deux Restaurations jusqu’à l’avénement de Louis-Philippe. Vols. 4 and 5. Paris: Perrotin, 1855 and 1856.
• Vile, M. J. C. Constitutionalism and the Separation of Powers. 2nd ed. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1998.
• Walzer, Michael, ed. Regicide and Revolution: Speeches at the Trial of Louis XVI. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
• Waresquiel, Emmanuel de. Talleyrand, le prince immobile. Paris: Fayard, 2003.
• Welch, Cheryl. Liberty and Utility: The French Ideologues and the Transformation of Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
• Wyrwa, Marek, ed. Malesherbes, le pouvoir et les Lumières. Paris: Éditions France-Empire, 1989.