Richard Cobden reminds us that the cause of free trade is not one of bloodless economics, but of improvement, prosperity, and peace.
The Reading Room
Cobden’s Age of Improvement
The OLL has plenty of resources for those who want to explore the history of free trade, especially for those interested in not only the economic, but the humane and political arguments for free trade. The Anti-Corn Law League was a popular political movement. Its leaders, Richard Cobden and John Bright, were not studious policy wonks but popular leaders who later won seats in the House of Commons. Their crusade was not based in concerns about economic proofs or efficiency, but about justice, dignity, and peace.
Consider this reading of Cobden's speech from 13 March 1845 (around line 810). In particular, the following:
Consider this reading of Cobden's speech from 13 March 1845 (around line 810). In particular, the following:
"This is a new era. It is the age of improvement, it is the age of social advancement, not the age for war or for feudal sports. You live in a mercantile age, when the whole wealth of the world is poured into your lap. You cannot have the advantages of commercial rents and feudal privileges; but you may be what you always have been, if you will identify yourselves with the spirit of the age. The English people look to the gentry and aristocracy of their country as their leaders. I, who am not one of you, have no hesitation in telling you, that there is a deep-rooted, an hereditary prejudice, if I may so call it, in your favour in this country. But you never got it, and you will not keep it, by obstructing the spirit of the age. If you are indifferent to enlightened means of finding employment to your own peasantry; if you are found obstructing that advance which is calculated to knit nations more together in the bonds of peace by means of commercial intercourse; if you are found fighting against the discoveries which have almost given breath and life to material nature, and setting up yourselves as obstructives of that which destiny has decreed shall go on,—why, then, you will be the gentry of England no longer, and others will be found to take your place."
After a hundred years of free trade, it is easy to forget the costs of protectionism. Protectionism led not only to failure to relieve "by justice, instead of charity, the tens of thousands of industrious persons who are now suffering all the miseries of poverty" (from this petition) but failure to bond the world together in peace—Cobden and Bright were both anti-war, as well.
Support for free trade cannot be taken for granted, nor can the peace or prosperity that have allowed the cause of free trade to become one of dry economic lessons. When a passionate defence is needed, it's good to be reminded that it's possible.
Read more about and by:
Richard Cobden (1804–1865)
John Bright (1811–1889)
Read more about:
Free Trade
The Manchester School
Support for free trade cannot be taken for granted, nor can the peace or prosperity that have allowed the cause of free trade to become one of dry economic lessons. When a passionate defence is needed, it's good to be reminded that it's possible.
Read more about and by:
Richard Cobden (1804–1865)
John Bright (1811–1889)
Read more about:
Free Trade
The Manchester School