Biographical Essays

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Sir William Blackstone

Source: Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England in Four Books. Notes selected from the editions of Archibold, Christian, Coleridge, Chitty, Stewart, Kerr, and others,… more

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Sir William Blackstone

Source: Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England in Four Books. Notes selected from the editions of Archibold, Christian, Coleridge, Chitty, Stewart, Kerr, and others,… more

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Edmund Burke

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Edmund Burke

Source: Introduction to Select Works of Edmund Burke. A New Imprint of the Payne Edition. Foreword and Biographical Note by Francis Canavan (Indianapolis:… more

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Geoffrey Chaucer

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Geoffrey Chaucer

Source: The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, edited from numerous manuscripts by the Rev. Walter W. Skeat (2nd ed.) (Oxford:… more

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Cicero

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Cicero

Source: Introduction to The Political Works of Marcus Tullius Cicero: Comprising his Treatise on the Commonwealth; and his Treatise on the Laws.… more

Source: This biographical essay was written by Quentin Taylor, Resident Scholar (2008-2009), Liberty Fund, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana.

Copyright: The copyright is held by Liberty Fund, Inc.

Fair Use: This material is put… more

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Erasmus

Source: Introduction to Erasmus in Praise of Folly, illustrated with many curious cuts, designed, drawn, and etched by Hans Holbein, with portrait, life of Erasmus, and his epistle to Sir Thomas More… more

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A.V. Dicey

Source: Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution, ed. Roger E. Michener (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund 1982).

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François Guizot

Source: François Guizot, General History of Civilization in Europe by François Pierre Guillaume Guizot, edited, with critical and supplementary notes, by George Wells Knight (New York: D Appleton… more

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Works by Yves Guyot School of Thought: 19thC French Liberalism

Source: The Tyranny of Socialism, ed. J.H. Levy (London: Swan Sonnenschein and Co., 1894).

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James Harrington John Toland

Source: John Toland's Introduction to The Oceana and Other Works of James Harrington, with an Account of His Life by John Toland (London: Becket and Cadell, 1771).

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Richard Hooker

Source: The Works of that Learned and Judicious Divine Mr. Richard Hooker with an Account of His Life and Death by Isaac Walton. Arranged by the Rev. John Keble MA. 7th edition revised by the Very… more

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The Sphere and Duties of Government John Stuart Mill

This essay first appeared in the New Individualist Review, vol. 1, no. 1, April 1961 published by the University of Chicago chapter of the Intercollegiate… more

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David Hume

Source: Hume's The History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution in 1688, Foreword by William B. Todd, 6 vols. (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund 1983). Vol. 1.

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Immanuel Kant

Source: Translator's Biography in Kant’s Prolegomena and Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, trans. with a Biography and Introduction by Ernest Belfort Bax (2nd revised edition) (London:… more

Source: Introduction to Translations of Shakuntala and Other Works, by Arthur W. Ryder (London: J.M. Dent, 1920).

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Richard Cantillon Henry Higgs

Source: Appendix to Cantillon's Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en General, edited with an English translation and other material by Henry Higgs, C.B. Reissued for The Royal Economic… more

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Goethe

Source: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Goethe’s Works, illustrated by the best German artists, 5 vols. (Philadelphia: G. Barrie, 1885). Vol. 1. The Life of Goethe BY HJALMAR H. BOYESEN, PH.D.

Copyright:… more

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Works by John Locke

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John Locke

Source: Editor's Life in The Works of John Locke in Nine Volumes, (London: Rivington, 1824 12th ed.). Vol. 1.

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John Locke

Source: Editor's Introduction to The Works of John Locke in Nine Volumes, (London: Rivington, 1824 12th ed.). Vol. 1.

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Thomas Mackay

Source: Translator's Epilogue to the Maha-bharata, The Ramayana and the Mahabharata condensed into English Verse by Romesh C. Dutt (London: J.M. Dent, 1917).

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Works by Bernard de Mandevile

Source: Editor's Introduction to Mandeville's The Fable of the Bees or Private Vices, Publick Benefits, 2 vols. With a Commentary Critical, Historical, and Explanatory by F.B. Kaye… more

David M. Hart, "Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas Caritat, marquis de Condorcet (1743-1794)"

Source: Mencius, The Chinese Classics: Translated into English with Preliminary Essays and Explanatory Notes by James Legge. Vol. 2 The Life and Teachings of Mencius. (London: N. Trübner, 1875). Chapter: SECTION I.: LIFE OF… more

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Works by John Milton

Source: Areopagitica, with a Commentary by Sir Richard C. Jebb and with Supplementary Material (Cambridge at the University Press, 1918).

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Montaigne

Source: Life and Letters of Montaigne with Notes and Index, vol. 10, trans. Charles Cotton, revised by William Carew Hazlett (New York: Edwin C. Hill, 1910).

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Murray N. Rothbard

Source: New Individualist Review, editor-in-chief Ralph Raico, introduction by Milton Friedman (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1981). Chapter: MURRAY N. ROTHBARD, Herbert Clark Hoover: A… more

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Niccolo Machiavelli

Source: The editor's introduction to The Historical, Political, and Diplomatic Writings of Niccolo Machiavelli, tr. from the Italian, by Christian E. Detmold (Boston, J. R. Osgood and company,… more

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Source: This biographical information comes from the editor's notes to Commerce, Culture, and Liberty: Readings on Capitalism before Adam Smith, ed. Henry C. Clark (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2003).

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Works by William Penn

Source: Introduction to The Political Writings of William Penn, introduction and annotations by Andrew R. Murphy (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2002).

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Petrarch

Source: Introduction to Some Love Songs of Petrarch, translated and annotated with a Biographical Introduction by William Dudley Foulke (Oxford University Press, 1915).

… more

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William Petty

Source: Extracts from the Introduction to Petty's The Economic Writings of Sir William Petty, together with The Observations upon Bills of Mortality, more probably by Captain John Graunt, ed. Charles… more

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Plutarch Subject Area: History

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Plutarch

Source: Preface to Plutarch’s Lives. The Translation called Dryden’s. Corrected from the Greek and Revised by A.H. Clough, in 5 volumes… more

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For more books by Plutarch.

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Plutarch was one of the authors highly regarded by Pierre Goodrich, the founder of Liberty Fund, who included his name on the wall of the Goodrich Semiar Room at Wabash… more

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Alexander Pope

Source: The Complete Poetical Works of Alexander Pope. Cambridge Edition, ed. Henry W. Boynton (Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1903). BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

Copyright: The text is… more

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Edmund Burke

This information about Richard Price comes from Ellis Sandoz's introduction to his sermon "On the Love of one's Country" in vol. II of Political Sermons of the American Founding Era, 1730-1805:

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Ralph Raico Benjamin Constant

Source: New Individualist Review, editor-in-chief Ralph Raico, introduction by Milton Friedman (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1981). Chapter: RALPH RAICO, GREAT INDIVIDUALISTS OF THE… more

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Ralph Raico Wilhelm von Humboldt

Source: New Individualist Review, editor-in-chief Ralph Raico, introduction by Milton Friedman (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1981). Chapter: RALPH RAICO, GREAT INDIVIDUALISTS OF THE… more

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St. George Tucker John Taylor

Source: This biographical essay was written by Quentin Taylor, Resident Scholar (2008-2009), Liberty Fund, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana.

Copyright: The copyright is held by… more

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John Robinson

Source: The Works of John Robinson, Pastor of the Pilgrim Fathers, with a Memoir and Annotations by Robert Ashton, 3 vols (London: John Snow, 1851). Vol. 1.

Source: New Individualist Review, editor-in-chief Ralph Raico, introduction by Milton Friedman (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1981). Chapter: MURRAY N. ROTHBARD, H. L. Mencken: The Joyous Libertarian

Copyright: The copyright to… more

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Sir Francis Bacon

Source: The Advancement of Learning, by Lord Bacon, edited by Joseph Devey, M.A. (New York: P.F. Collier and Son, 1901).

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Germaine de Staël

Source: Germaine de Staël, Considerations on the Principle Events of the French Revolution, newly revised translation of the 1818 English edition, edited, with an introduction and notes by… more

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William Graham Sumner

Source: Editors' Introduction to Sumner's The Challenge of Facts and other Essays, ed. Albert Galloway Keller (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1914).

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Étienne Bonnot, Abbé de Condillac

Source: Commerce and Government Considered in their Mutual Relationship, translated by Shelagh Eltis, with an Introduction to His Life and Contribution to Economics by Shelagh… more

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Augustin Thierry

Source: Augustin Thierry, History of the Conquest of England by the Normans; Its Causes, and its Consequences, in England, Scotland, Ireland, & on the Continent, translated from the seventh… more

Source: Editorial in Literature of Liberty, Autumn 1981, vol. 4, No. 3

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Emer de Vattel

Source: Emer de Vattel, The Law of Nations, Or, Principles of the Law of Nature, Applied to the Conduct and Affairs of nations and Sovereigns, with Three Early Essays on the Origin and Nature of… more

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Voltaire

Source: The Works of Voltaire. A Contemporary Version. A Critique and Biography by John Morley, notes by Tobias Smollett, trans. William F. Fleming (New York: E.R. DuMont, 1901). In 21 vols. Vol. 1.

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Walter Bagehot

Source: Walter Bagehot, The Works and Life of Walter Bagehot, ed. Mrs. Russell Barrington. The Works in Nine Volumes. The Life in One Volume. (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1915). Vol. 1.… more

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George Washington

Source: John Marshall's The Life of George Washington. Special Edition for Schools, ed. Robert Faulkner and Paul Carrese (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2000).

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The Natural Law of Money

Source: This biographical essay was originally written by Lauren Landsburg, the Editor of the Library of Economics and Liberty (Econlib) and it can be found here. Special thanks to George… more

Arthur Young (1741-1820) was an 18th century English writer who is best known for the detailed accounts he published of his "travels" in England, Wales, Ireland and France on the eve of the revolution. After he inherited his father's… more

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Arthur Young

Source: Arthur Young’s Travels in France during the Years 1787, 1788, 1789, ed. Miss Betham-Edwards (London: George Bell and Sons, 1909).